Policies initiated by Government under Skill Development and Entrepreneurship

Training Under Skill India Mission

Under Skill India Mission, the Government is implementing more than 40 skill development schemes/programmes across 20 Central Ministries/Departments, for providing a variety of skill development training programmes on pan India basis in which 556.1 Lakhs persons have been trained. Number of persons trained under the various schemes being implemented by the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship under the auspices of Skill India Mission is as follows: –

10,49,621 candidates have been provided employment under PMKVY and NAPS during the last two years while JSS does not provide for any mandatory employment. Similarly, Ministry does not monitor the employment of students passing out of ITIs.

The Government has taken various steps for generating employment in the country like encouraging various projects involving substantial investment and increasing public expenditure on schemes like Prime Minister’s Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP), Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojna (DDU-GKY), Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), and Deendayal Antodaya Yojana-National Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NULM) run by Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises, Ministry of Rural Development and Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs, respectively. Under PMKVY 2.0 scheme of MSDE, training Centres takes all efforts to facilitate placements of certified candidates through multiple initiatives like Rojgaar Mela, Yuva Sampark and Aatmanirbhar Skilled Employees Employer Mapping (ASEEM) ’portal, collaboration with industries and Council. In PMKVY 3.0 facilitation of wage employment / self-employment / apprenticeship shall be provided to the certified candidates under the STT component of the scheme. Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Kendras shall act as nodal Centres at districts for providing self-employment support. Training Partner shall work in coordination with DSC / SSDM for placement of the candidates in addition Rozgar Melas to be organized on regular interval at district and regional level by TP / DSCs / SSDMs / SSCs for placement and apprenticeship. All candidates certified under PMKVY 3.0 would also be linked to ASEEM portal to find job opportunities.

Board for Skill Development

Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) is the flagship skill training scheme of the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE). Under PMKVY 2.0 (2016-2020), a target to train one crore individuals was set. The number of candidates trained is 1.09 crore. Under PMKVY 3.0 (2020-2022), which was launched on 15.01.2021, a target to train 8 lakh individuals has been set. The number of candidates trained so far is 1.2 lakh.

MSDE, vide notification dated 5^th December 2018, has set up National Council for Vocational Education and Training (NCVET) as an overarching regulatory body for the skill eco-system. It is mandated to regulate the functioning of entities engaged in vocational education and training, both long and short-term, and establish minimum standards for the functioning of such entities.

Under PMKVY scheme, various initiatives are taken to ensure better placement outcomes for the trained/ certified candidates. Rojgar Melas are conducted for placement of youth by industry. MSDE has launched Aatmanirbhar Skilled Employees Employer Mapping (ASEEM) portal, which acts as a directory of skilled workforce. The objective is to provide a platform that matches supply of skilled workforce with the market demand, thereby facilitating better livelihood opportunities for youth and availability of ready skilled manpower to employers.

Jobs to Semi-Skilled and Skilled Persons

District Skill Committees (DSCs), under the guidance of respective State Skill Development Missions (SSDMs), are playing a key role in addressing the skill gap and assessing demand at the district level including in rural areas. The DSCs have been entrusted with the development of District Skill Development Plans (DSDPs) to promote decentralized planning and implementation at the grassroots. To build capacity of the DSCs and to help them manage skill development planning and program delivery, the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) attaches Mahatma Gandhi National Fellows with the district administration. The Fellows are posted as part of their academic programme in premier management institutes, which has an in-built component of on-ground practical experience. So far, a total of 512 DSDPs have been received from 31 States/ Union Territories. The DSDPs identify sectors in which employment opportunities and demand for skilling exists.

In order to address the skill training requirement of migrant workers identified under the Garib Kalyan Rozgar Abhiyan (GKRA), MSDE has taken up district-specific demand-driven skilling/ orientation for sustainable livelihood opportunities for the reverse migrant workers under Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY). This program is being implemented across 119 districts of 6 States namely Assam, Bihar, Odisha, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The total number of migrant workers trained so far under this program is 70,823. While selecting the job roles for training, factors like placement/ job opportunity at the local/ district level, facilitation of bank loan to support self-employment, and matching of existing job roles available at the local Training Centres have been considered.

The DSDPs developed by the DSCs identify sectors that have potential for employment in the local economy. Under PMKVY 3.0, which was launched on 15.01.2021, skill training has been made demand-driven, with the DSCs identifying the job roles relevant to their district. In the long run, this would have the effect of ensuring that candidates skilled in job roles would increasingly get employed in the same region.